What is the usable shot time range for espresso?

The usable shot time range for espresso is generally considered to be 18-28 seconds. This range allows for the optimal extraction of flavors, oils, and compounds from the coffee grounds during the brewing process. A shot that is too quick may result in under-extraction, leading to a sour or weak taste, while a shot that takes too long can lead to over-extraction, producing a bitter flavor.

The 18-28 second range aligns with standard practices in the coffee industry and is often recommended by baristas and coffee experts. This duration provides enough time for the coffee to develop a rich and balanced flavor profile while considering variations in coffee beans, grind size, and machine settings. Consistently achieving this range helps to ensure that the espresso served has the quality and characteristics desired by coffee lovers.